Read the Text and Answer the Questions
A flood is an overflow of an expanse of water that submerges land, a deluge. It is usually due to the volume of water within a body of water, such as a river or lake, exceeding the total capacity of the body, and as a result some of the water flows or sits outside of the normal perimeter of the body. It can also occur in rivers, when the strength of the river is so high it flows right out of the river channel, usually at corners or meanders. These of course, are not applicable in such instances as sea flooding.
A flood occurs when an area of land, usually low-lying, is covered with water. The worst floods usually occur when a river overflows its banks. Floods happen when soil and vegetation cannot absorb all the water. The water then runs off the land in quantities that cannot be carried in stream channels or kept in natural ponds or manmade reservoirs.
Periodic floods occur naturally on many rivers, forming an area known as the flood plain. These river floods usually result from heavy rain, sometimes combined with melting snow, which causes the rivers to overflow their banks. A flood that rises and falls rapidly with little or no advance warning is called a flash flood. Flash floods usually result from intense rainfall over a relatively small area, as happened in 2007 with the Sudan floods. Coastal areas are occasionally flooded by high tides caused by severe winds on ocean surfaces, or by tsunami waves caused by undersea earthquakes.
Questions
- What is the highlight of the text?
- What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
- What is flash flood?
- How many types of flood are described in the text? And what are they?
- Floods happen when soil and vegetation cannot absorb all the water (Paragraph 2). The synonym of the underlined word is ….
Choose the appropriate answer to complete the text
Text 1
Tarsiers
Tarsiers are only … (1) in various islands of Southeast Asia, including Philippines, Celebes, Borneo, Belitung, the Natuna Islands and Sumatra.
Tarsiers are only about 9 – 16 cm (3.5 – 6 inches) long, excluding a tail of about twice that length. They are nocturnal animals with a well-developed sense of smell. The tarsiers’ small brain has an enormous visual cortex to process information from the large goggling eyes, the animal’s striking feature. The tarsiers are also unusual with special long ankle bones, a short body, and a …(2) head that can be rotated 180°. Their short face has large, membranous ears which almost constantly in motion. The fur is thick, silky, grey, dark brown. The tail is scaly on the underside.
Tarsiers prey on insects, lizards, and snakes. They cling upright to trees and press the tail against the trunk for support. Their grip is also aided by the tips of their digits, which are expanded into dislike adhesive pads. Tarsiers move … (3) the forest by launching themselves from trunk to trunk propelled by their greatly elongated hind limbs.
Adults live in monogamous pairs and keep in contact vocally during the night, defending territory against other pairs using extremely high-pitched calls.
1. A.Kept
B. stayed
C. found
D. occupied
2. A. big
B. small
C. round
D. heavy
3. A. for
B. above
C. between
D. through
Text 2
Koalas have brownish-grey or silver-greyfur, and a big pink and/or black nose. They have sharp claws which help them to climb. They can hear and smell very well, but they cannot see very well at all.
Koalas live alone most of the time, but they have a … (4) relationship with the other koalas who live near. After 35 days pregnancy, the newly born koala is about a quarter of an inch long. It is born … (5) no ears, eyes, or hair. It … (6) into its mother’s pouch on its own. After 12 months the young koala is old enough that it does not go into its mother's pouch or need milk anymore. The female koala can have another baby then.
4. A. individual
B. strange
C. unique
D. social
5. A. for
B. with
C. from
D. of
6. A. crawls
B. comes
C. runs
D. puts
Text 3
Manatee is the large aquatic mammal. There are four species of manatee that live in the fresh and marine water of Western coast of Africa, Eastern coasts of South America, Southern United States, and in the Amazon River. They can be .... (7) in the …... (8) marshy and coastal areas where the water temperature is high enough. Manatees do not have natural enemies, but their number ….. (9) since the past couple of years because of the negative human activity: increased boat traffic, large number of fishermen nets and tackles in combination with water pollution kill a lot of manatees each year. They are listed …. (10) endangered animals.
7. A. find
B. found
C. finded
D. founded
8. A. shallow
B. deep
C. quiet
D. rough
9. A. dropped
B. drops
C. has dropped
D. is dropping
10. A. For
B. as
C. in
D. since
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