THE EFFECT OF USING PREVIEW, READ ACTIVELY, REVIEW(P2R) STRATEGY TOWARD READING COMPREHENSION OF THE SECOND YEAR STUDENTS AT SMA
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A. The Background of the Problem
Reading is one of the most important things in language
skills. The importance of reading becomes an aspect that should be considered
among language skills. Reading is an interactive process that goes on between
the reader and the text, resulting in comprehension.1 Therefore, to find out
the information of reading text, the reader should have a good comprehension. A
good reading comprehension will guide the reader to find out the meaning of the
context, whether literal or implied meaning. Besides, a good reading comprehension
will show the reader’s reading ability. Therefore, a good comprehension is necessary
in comprehending the meaning what the writer writes.
Reading is an activity that needs a process and a purpose.
In reading, there are three processes to get a purpose. They are pre reading, whilst
reading and post reading. The purposes of reading are to gain information or
verify existing knowledge, to critique a writer’s idea or writing style, to read
for enjoyment or to enhance knowledge of the language being read, to guide the reader’s
selection of texts, and to determine the appropriate approach to reading
comprehension.
In order to accomplish students’ needs toward reading comprehension,
school based curriculum (KTSP) provides reading as one of the skills that must
be taught and learned in senior high school. SMAN is one of the schools that also
uses school base curriculum (KTSP) as its guidance in teaching and learning process.
SMAN reading has been taught since the first year of English teaching period. Based
on syllabus, 2012-2013 at the second grade, the basic competence of reading comprehension
refers to capability of students in understanding, comprehending and responding
the meaning in monolog text or essay such as report, narrative and analytic a exposition.
The success of teaching reading at SMAN is determined by many
aspects such as: material of reading, facility, teacher’s competence, and the success
of students themselves. In reading subject, the English teacher has used various
strategies and techniques in teaching like; skimming and scanning. But in reality,
the result of students’ English study is still not fulfilled. Actually, many students
who learn English are interested in reading text, but some of them do not understand
how to express what they have read. Therefore, those problems are very important
to find out the solution, because it has relationship to their success
particularly in learning reading as one of the language skills.
Ideally, the students of the second year at SMAN are able
to comprehend about the reading text and comprehend what they are reading. In
fact, they still find out difficulties to comprehend the reading text even though
the teacher has given the learning strategy. The difficulties of the students’ reading
comprehension can be explained as follows:
1.
Some
of the students are not able to determine main idea of the reading text.
2.
Some
of the students are not able to determine specific information of the reading
text.
3.
Some
of the students are not able to determine the generic structure o the reading
text.
4.
Some
of the students are not able to determine the language features stated in
reading text.
5.
Some
of the students get difficulties in making inference.
6.
Some
of the students have difficulties finding the reference of certain words.
7.
Some
of the students have limited vocabulary.
Based on the problems stated above, it needs appropriate
strategy and technique to help them solve their problems. Actually, there are
many strategies and techniques that can help the students to improve their reading
comprehension. Preview, Read Actively, Review (P2R) strategy is one of the strategies
that can help students in reading comprehension. Preview, Read Actively, Review
(P2R) strategy is a strategy for increasing and helping students to improve their
understanding in English text.3 There are three steps to Preview, Read Actively,
Review (P2R) strategy: preview the text, read actively, and review the text. There
are many advantages to Preview, Read Actively, Review (P2R) strategy,4 they are: building
background, increasing comprehension, increasing interest and motivation,
preparing students’ text for later review, and monitor students learning.
Based on the explanation and the problem above, the researcher is interested in conducting a research entitled: “The Effect of Using Preview, Read Actively, Review (P2R) Strategy Toward Reading Comprehension of The Second Year Students at SMAN ”.
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