The
Procedure of Problem Solving Technique
Kirkley (2013: 3)
point out the basic sequence of three cognitive activities in problem solving:
a.
Representing
the problem includes calling up the appropriate context knowledge,
and identifying the goal and the relevant starting conditions for the problem.
b.
Solution
search includes refining the goal and developing a plan of action to reach the goal.
c.
Implementing
the Solution includes executing the plan of action and evaluating the results.
In addition Gok
and Silay (2010: 8) defines four steps problem solving strategy. The
first step there are
a.
Description, by identifying the unknown, the
data, and the condition, and then drawing a figure and introducing suitable
notation. For example lists clearly
the given and wanted information. Draw a diagram of the situation
b.
Planning, in which the solver seeks a connection
between the data and the unknown. If an immediate connection is not found, the
solver considers related problems or problems that have already been solved,
and uses this information to devise a plan to reach the unknown. For example selects the basic relations suitable
for solving the problem and outline how they are to be used
c.
Implementation, the steps outlined in part two are carried out, and each step is checked
for correctness. For example performs
the preceding plan by doing all necessary calculations
d.
Checking, the problem solution is examined, and
arguments are checked or checks that
each of the preceding steps was valid and that the final answer makes sense
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