Research Instrument (Observation, Test and Documentation).
There are 2 variable on this research there are The Brainstorming of the independent variable is used to improve the speaking skill. The dependent variable is the students speaking skill in addition Creswell, W john (2003: 17) Researchers collect data on an instrument or test (e.g., a set of questions about attitudes toward self-esteem) or gather information on a behavioral checklist (e.g., where researchers observe a worker engaged in using a complex skill)
The next step is to choose the technique of data collection that will be used. The technique of collecting data is the way the researcher do for collecting the data in the research. In this research, the researcher uses some techniques in collecting data. In this research, the researcher uses some techniques, those are interview and observation. All of the data are collected in the form of word arrangement.
1. Observation
Based on Zohrabi,
M (2013: 257) Observation is a
preplanned research tool which is carried out purposefully to serve research
questions and objectives. In other words Observation is a
way of collecting data by conducting direct observation of an object in
a given period
and held a
systematic recording of
certain things observed. Number
of periods of observation that needs to be done and the length of time
at each observation
period depends on the type
of data collected.
The ways to doing
observation were: (1) the researcher prepared the materials to conduct
the observation such
as: paper, pen
and camera. (2)
The researcher joined in
the classroom, (3) the
researcher observed
teacher’s strategies in teaching
pronunciation. This method
is used to
get any information about the homophone game in
teaching pronunciation in at the Second Years of SMP . In this
case, The researcher
observed whatever done
by the English
teacher related to the homophone game in teaching pronunciation in the
classroom.
2. Test
Barkman, J.
Susan (2002: 12) Tests are generally used for knowledge-based questions. Knowledge-based
questions offer choices such as correct vs. incorrect or accurate vs.
inaccurate. They may ask respondents
what they believe is true or factual, or about awareness.
Barkman also
divides test in pre and post-test. The
test, survey, questionnaire, or observation is conducted both before and after
the program. The two scores are then compared indicating whether there is a
change in the participants’ knowledge, attitudes, skills, and/or behavior.
In collecting the data, the researcher
use an oral production test. The test consists of pre-test and post test. The
pre-test is given before the treatment to know the students’ prior knowledge in
speaking skills. The post test is aimed to find out the students achievements
in speaking after treatment. To recover the test, the researcher also takes
documentation in learning process.
3. Documentation
Based on DRDP
(2015: 6) Documentation including samples of children’s work, photographs, and
video/audio recordings of children’s communication and behavior. Therefore, documentation method is a technique of
collecting data that is indirectly given to research subject. In this case, by
using instrument that is document where can be seen in the teachers’ lesson
plan and teachers’ material used in teaching. In this research the researcher will use photographs, and video/audio recordings
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