Definition of Grammar
Grammar is
one of language
components. It refers
to pattern of
form and arrangement by which the
words put together and it must be learnt if the language will be
used. Someone who
uses language has
to know the
grammatical of the language.
Grammar may be defined as the way a
language manipulates and combines words (or bits of words) in order to form
longer units of meaning. There is a set of rules which govern how units of
meaning may be contracted in any language. We may say that a learner who “knows
grammar” is one who has mastered and acceptable language forms. (Penny Ur:
2003: 4)
Based
on Wilcox (2004: 28) grammar is a system of rules which allows the users of the
language in question to create meaning, by building both meaningful words and
larger constructions of sentences.
Harmer (2007:1) states
that grammar is the study and the practice of the rules in a language in which
words change their forms and are combined into sentences. There are two basic
components in this definition, the first is the rules of grammar and the second
one is the practice of the rules. The rules of grammar are about how the words
change and how they are put together into sentence. The practice of grammar is
how the writers use the grammar correctly to make a good sentence. In a
paragraph, the sentences that are arranged grammatically will make the
paragraph is easy to understand and to avoid the misunderstanding of the
readers. According to Downing and Locke (2006:239) when the readers read the
paragraph, grammar helps them to interpret the messages of what they read.
Andrews
et. al (2004: 8) Grammar refers, as far as the present project is concerned, to
written sentence and text grammars. It
includes the study of syntax (rules governing word order), clause and phrase
structure, and the classification of parts of speech (e.g. noun, verb, etc.),
and issues regarding the cohesion and coherence of whole texts. It can be both descriptive, in that it
describes the existing patterns of sentences and texts; and, in sentence terms,
also generative or transformative, in that rules can be defined which can
generate grammatically acceptable sentences (the transformation being from
basic deep structural rules, through to actual sentences).
Based on the definition above, it
can be confirmed that grammar is the study of how word change and how they are
put together into sentences, or in other word grammar is a set of rules that
very essential in constructing of one sentence.
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