THE USE OF SONG
LYRICS TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’VOCABULARY OF VERB
An Experimental
Research
CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED
LITERATURE
A. Theoretical Framework
1. Vocabulary
Studying
language cannot be separated from studying vocabulary because it is an
essential component of language. Vocabulary is one components of language
beside grammar. Students who want to learn a target language, have to learn
those components.
a. Definition of vocabulary
Vocabulary is one of the language
components which shouldbe mastered by English learners. Vocabulary has role,
which parallel with phonology and grammar to help the learner mastering four language
skills.
Finocciaro explains that” the
students’ vocabulary can be divided into two kinds, namely active vocabulary
and passive vocabulary”. Active vocabulary refers to the words in which the students
can understand and pronounce correctly can use them in speaking or in writing
used by person to encode his idea. Passive vocabulary refers to the words in
which the students can recognize and understand while they are reading or
listening to someone speaking, but they do not use the words in speaking or in
writing. The words or vocabularies can be spoken and also written.
Another opinion by Marianne Celce
and Murcia Elite Olshtain,“There are two kinds of vocabulary: they are function
words and content words”
1) The
function words are those vocabulary items that belong to closed word classes
(i.e. word classes that do not readily admit new items or lose old ones:
pronouns, auxiliary verbs, prepositions, determiners and adverbs).
2) The
content words are those vocabulary items that belong to open word classes
(words classes that readily accept new words and discard old ones).
The content
words can be divided into three general classes:
1)
Words that refers to a person, a place or a thing that
we might call them nouns.
2)
Words that express an action, an event or a state are
called verbs
3)
Words are used to describe the qualities of thing or
action are called adjectives and adverbs.
Thornbury (2002:13) stated without
grammar very little can be conveyed, without vocabulary nothing can be
conveyed.13 Only with sufficient vocabulary one can express his ideas
effectively, can understand the language task and foreign language conversation.
With the limited vocabulary the students will have the difficulties in learning
and understanding the foreign language.
Parts of speech
are classified into its various types. The types of part of speech consist of
pronoun, adjective, verb, adverb, conjunction and preposition Each Part of
speech will be classified into its various types. Such classification will be
based chiefly on differences in structural form or in grammatical behavior,
after that the part of speech will be described according to the observable
signals that operate the grammar, functions, position????????????????????????????
