THE USE OF VISUAL AIDS IN TEACHING ENGLISH
SPEAKING
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
background
Language is the total by which
beings communicate to one another. Communication takes place when there are two
people or more involved in interaction. This interaction is facilities by
language. In this case language plays an important role. Language must be
produced in order to convey our ideas toward the subject matter in the
interaction.
To convey our ideas in the
language that we are quite familiar with (foreign language) is not easy this
phenomena still confuses students who learn English as a foreign language many
students. In junior up to senior high school find it difficult to express their
ideas in English even if already understand the spoken language. Kenneth
Chastain (1976 ; 334). States that learning to speak is obviously more
difficult than learning to understand the spoken language. Speaking foreign
language, in this case English, is still a problem for student at junior up to
senior high school.
According to Jeremy Harmer
(1983 : 16) we can identify four major skills namely: listening and
understanding, speaking, reading and understanding, and writing.
Speaking and writing are considered
as productive skills while the other two listening and reading are considered
to be receptive or passive skills. Jeremy Harmer than list these four major
language skills as follows:
Skill Medium
|
Speech
|
Written Word
|
Receptive
|
Listening and understanding
|
Reading and understanding
|
Productive
|
Speaking
|
Writing
|
From four main language skill above, the writer
tends to elaborate one of the main language skills that is speaking. This skill
is included in the productive skills. Like the other skills of English,
speaking is considered to be difficult one. Therefore, the student should be
provided with great opportunity to speak and say something about the subject
matter in learning more than a matter of habit formation, it is a creative
process and therefore the students should be given opportunity to be mentally
active as much as possible in all assumed work (Yusnaini Lubis, 1988: 13) the
practice is very important to the students who are learning English as foreign
language.
The problem of speaking English is faced by students from
junior up to senior high schools and even for college students for many years
English is though as a compulsory subject in junior, senior high school and
also universities or institutes in certain semester. However, many students can
not speak the language in the case English after six or several years in both
junior and senior high school who still learn various subject is find
difficulties but also students who specialize in English at the university or
institute. They face same problem in speaking English.
Usually
students do not participate actively in speaking class. Probably it is caused
by their lack of knowledge or they have no ideas toward the subject matter
being taught. The subject matter is too obscure for them. To cope with problem,
the writer thinks that by using visual aids, the students may be facilited to
express their ideas: visual aids have great potential to simulate oral
communication (Yusnaini Lubis, 1988:70). As an example pictures can stimulate
student to speak. Pictures provide some information in certain circumstances.
It can help student to express their ideas. According to Brown et.al (1997:
178) picture can stimulate students just pick out the ideas. On the picture and
tell what picture is all about. In short, visual aids are expected to help
student to express their ideas in English.