CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
A. Background
Nowadays, science and
technology development demands people to increase their knowledge and
experience. One way to increase their knowledge and experience is by reading.
Reading is one-step to study effectively. Through this step, it can develop our
memory, comprehension, and more knowledge for example when the people study
textbook, article, short story, and even a novel. Reading can increase our
science and give us knowledge information. Reading is an activity with a
purpose. Someone may read for many reasons, for instance to gain information
and exiting knowledge, or in order to critique a writer’s ideas or writing
style.
Reading is one of the
basic communicative skill, but it has very complex process. It can be
said that, reading is a process in which reader finds information given by the
writer in the written form. In this case, reading can be said as an interactive process, checks, and
ask questions about what the text is about. Leonard (1961) states that reading
involves nothing more than correlating sound image, that is ”spelling” while
Robert Karim (1980) defines that reading is as a process instructing the ideas
of the authors.
Reading comprehension
is not just reading with a loud voice but reading is established to understand
the meaning of word, sentences, and paragraph sense relationship among ideas as
it is. If a student just reads loudly but can’t understand the content of the
text, it means that he fails in comprehending passage. (Simanjuntak 1998:4)
The theory of
comprehension assumes that effective understanding is a function of the
relationship between present information and active knowledge , and that
effective communication therefore depends on the degree to which listener and
speakers share a common semantic “field”.(Buhler,1908). When preparing
students for a reading activity, we can help them become aware of relevant
prior knowledge, while we judge whether or not that knowledge is sufficient for
comprehension of the text. And that point we will be able to make knowledgeable
decisions about reading assignments and instruction and related concepts,
(Langer, 1981:153)
Most of students in
south Sulawesi find difficulties in comprehending a short story for example to
identify the character of the actors and the plot of the short story, so that,
learning English needs a good strategy for their students, we must try to think
whether our strategy, the teachers should understand what the best strategy is
suitable or not because it can give a impact to students. All the point of the
object must be understood. This orientation is consistent with Buhler’s (1908)
“field theory” of comprehension, which assumes that effective understanding is
a function of the relationship between present information and active
knowledge, and that effective communication therefore depends on the degree to
which listeners and speakers share a common semantic “field”.
In teaching learning process we see that most of the
teachers just use conventional teaching in the class, so I think if the
teachers use a technique to the students in the teaching reading materials it
can increase their reading comprehension because with technique the students
can be easy to comprehend than without technique. The technique of teaching
reading are very important to influence the students in success reading. A
technique can help students in reading so in teaching English a teacher must
use technique or methods where can help students to comprehends easy what the
teacher teach to them.
A strategy that is Listen-Read-Discuss method is one of
strategy can be used by the teacher in teaching. A technique can help students
because learning strategy for students more effective than without a technique.
Because teching by a technique the students more effective in learning. it is
suitrable with that Manzo said that the listen-read-discuss method is one
teaching strategy for the teacher and learning strategy for the students more
active in comprehending material. (Manzo, 1985)
Based on the
explanation above, the research uses L-R-D strategy to overcome the problems.
The researcher is interested in applying this ???????????.
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