CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A. Background
Language is the most
important thing for people as a means of communication. It is basically a means
of both oral and written communication. People use language to express their
ideas and wishes to others’ people such as when they need others help so that
close relation among members of the group can be carried. It is important to
learn English because it is an international language which is used in many
countries over the world and widely used in many sectors such as information,
trade, education, etc.
In Indonesia, English
has an important role especially in education. Therefore, English is taught as
the first foreign language in all levels of schools and language courses. In
school, English has been taught as a local content. Since The Basic Course
Outlines of the 2004 Curriculum (2004: 7) in Nurhawaeni states that the objective of learning
English at junior high school as a local content is to develop students'
communication ability in the context of school. It means that the students are
expected to be able to make simple transactional and interpersonal conversation
which is potentially needed to communicate in the context of school. Here, the
teacher plays important role since he has to be able to set students interest and
motivation in learning English in order to develop students’ ability to
communicate using all the resources they have already acquired to interact with
others about their needs and interest.
In this study, the
writer will focus on teaching writing in Junior high school considering that in
learning language writing is the skill that students acquire in first to write
something. Writing is important to support learning English especially in
enriching vocabulary and gaining a large portion of their education. Therefore
the writer considers that writing can be taught at junior high schools.
There are four skill
should be mastered in learning English; speaking, reading, listening and
writing. Writing will provide a basis for development of other language skills.
Due to the importance of writings explained above, the teachers have to develop
students’ writing ability since it is the first stage they learned English. By
developing students’ ability to writing well, the teachers develop their
students’ ability to become more independent learners, as the students will be
able to reproduce language accurately and refine their understanding of grammar
and develop their own vocabulary. The better students improve their writing
ability, the better they reach the achievement in writing Teachers,
therefore, should explore a new productive strategy in brightening writing
classes in order to encourage students in learning writing skill. They should
create interesting and entertaining materials to motivate the students’ active
responds in doing writing exercise. After the teaching and learning process and
all the materials are given to the students, there is an expectation that
students will make a progress in their study. To know whether the students make
some progress in their study, it is useful for teacher to conduct a test or an
examination at the end of a program. So the students will be motivated to learn
and master the materials which have been taught by the teacher.
There are many
reasons for getting students’ to write, both in and outside class. Writing
gives they more thinking time then they get when they attempt spontaneous
conversation. This allows them more opportunity for language processing, that
is thinking about the language. When thinking about writing, it is helpful to
make a distinction between writing for learning and writing for writing. In the
case of the former, writing is used as a practice tool to help students
practice and work with language they have been studying. When we are give
example, ask a class to write five sentences using by using a given structure,
or using five of the new words they have been learning. Writing activity like
this are designed to give reinforcement to the students. This is particularly
need a mix of visual and kinesthetic activity.
The kinds of writing
we ask student to do will depend as most other things do, on their age, level
learning styles and interests. We won’t get beginners to try to put together a
complex narrative composition in English; we probably won’t ask a class of
advanced business students to write a poem about their mothers (unless we have
specific reasons for doing this). In order to help students write successfully
in different styles.
In helping the
students to write, we need to consider with the gender. A gender is a type of
writing which members of a discourse community would instantly recognize for
what it was. Thus we recognize a small add in newspaper the moment we see it
because, being members of a particular group, or community, we have seen many
such texts before and are familiar with the way they are
constructed.????
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