CHAPTER
I
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
Language
is important in communication, because it is a mean of transferring ideas in
communication activity. English as an international language also has that
function. It is not only considered as the first foreign language but it is taught as a
compulsory subject from Junior High
School up to Senior High School. Although English has been taught for a long
time, the results of teaching English are considered unsatisfactory (Ramelan
1992:3). In fact, the role of English is
so important in every fields of life. For that reason learning English in the
classroom is expected to give the necessary skills for students to continue
their studies to the next education level or to communicate with others.
Ideally, students have to enjoy learning and have a positive attitude towards
English.
In
fact, most of students are still afraid
of English. The student’s anxiety to study might be caused by the lack of motivation
from the teachers. Moreover, the final
examination score of State Senior High School graduates show that students are
not successful in mastering English. Seeing this fact, people usually blame the
teachers as the people who should be responsible for it. They are assumed as the primary source of the unsatisfactory
results of English teaching process. People often question about the teachers’
work and even consider them as unqualified resources.
However,
as the scientific society, teachers should be able to find out the elements
from which the cause of the failure comes.
Actually there are two assumptions of English learning. First, it is assumed
that all children can learn. Second, it is assumed that learning will not take
place automatically- that it is most likely to occur when it is programmed for
by teachers (Saul Axelrod, 1993:1). For those reasons, some efforts have been
tried by the English teachers to help students to achieve success in learning
English and how to make the students have a high interest in learning English.
One
problem that is faced both by the teachers and the students is the students do
not have willingness of their own to learn. They will be success in learning if
she/he has a strong will to learn. This is called motivation. However, not all
of the students have their own motivation in learning English. For that reason
the teachers have to encourage the
students’ motivation in learning English and change their attitudes towards
English with the most appropriate way. One
of the ways used by the teacher to in motivate the students to be interest and
active in the classroom activity is by
using basic questionings.
Questioning
is an important role of teachers’ talk. C. Turney (1983) states that; The skill of questioning is fundamental to a
teacher’s repertoire. Teacher talk may involve the giving explanations, the
presenting of facts and ideas, and controlling the direction of the lesson, but without skilled of questioning a teacher
will have difficulty knowing how well
pupils understand material presented to them and/or what additional assistance may
be required.
Based
on the argument above, the teacher could use his/ her questions to attract the
student’s attention, curiosity, and interest to English material, provide an
opportunity for the students to assimilate and reflect on information, and
express idea and feeling. Therefore, it is very important for the teacher to know
the techniques of using question to maintain interaction with students. Undeniably, student’s success or failure in
learning English as a compulsory subject taught in their school is greatly
influenced by internal and external factors involved in the learning????????????????????????????????????????
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