Title : “Improving the Students Reading Skill to
Find Out the Main Ideas
Through Keyword ”
A. Background
Reading
is one of the important aspects in learning English. Reading it self is a
complex and complicated process which involves the internal and external
factors of the students. The internal factors are everything from the student
which can be though, as a result of an interaction in reading process and
external factors which are all the factors are from outside of the student.
Reading
is an active process of identifying important ideas, comparing evaluating, and
applying them (Mc.Whorter, 1994:4). Therefore, inreding paragraph we have to
try to comprehend the main ideas of the reading without comprehending the
paragraph, it will be very difficult to understand what we have read or what
the writer means in reading material.
A reader must not only see and identify
the symbols in front of him, but he must also be able to interpret what he
reads, associating with past experiences and projects beyond this term of
ideas, judgment, application and conclusion. These caused that reading should
be taught to improve the ability of the student in reading.
Actually most of the students in South Sulawesi, find the difficulties in identifying the
main ideas of English paragraph. It is providing by the result of EBTANAS every
year, most of them also got low score in English subject, Iskandar in Kaddafi
(1995:5). He food that although students of SMU Lalabata Riaja have been taught
for three quarter, they were still hard to get the main ideas of reading
passage. Mostly, they are good in reading but cannot understand the content if
what they have read. This problem probably appears because they lack of
vocabulary and they have low mastery in grammar or the material is too
difficult for them.
If they have low mastery in grammar in
lack of vocabulary. Of course, they will find difficulties in identifying the
main ideas of a paragraph and it will be very hard for them to understand the
content of the text.
Similarly, being able to identify and read
the important sentences in paragraph do not
guarantee understanding of what we have just read. The best manifestation of
the understanding of central though or main ideas in text is the ability to
take the passage a side and express the code of the massage by using students
personal vocabulary.
Concerning with problems above, the writer
is interested to conduct a research under the title: “Improving the Students
Reading Skill to Find Out the Main Ideas Through keyword at the First Year
Level of SMP ”.
B. Problem Statements
Based on the previous statements,
the writer formulated problem statement as follow:
1). What is the student can be
Improve Reading Skill to Find Out Main Ideas
Through Keyword at the Second Year Level of SMP ”?
2). Is there a significance
difference before and after find out main idea through
Keyword at the second year students of SMP ”?
C. The Objective of the Research
1). To find out the student reading
skill in finding main idea through keyword at the
Second year level of SMP
2). To find out the significance
before and after in finding main idea through keyword at
The second year student of SMP
D. Significant of the Research
The result of the research is expected to
be piece of useful resources in improve the student reading skill to find out
main idea through keyword at the second year level of SMP
E. Scope of The Research
This research focus on the improving
reading skill to find out main idea through keyword at the second year level of
SMP
F. Definition of Operational Variable
a. Reading skill
Reading
is respective skill in the written mode, reading can help build vocabulary.
Here are the micro-skills involved in reading. Consist of : pick out key words,
such as those identifying topics and main ideas, get the main point or the most
important information.
b. Main ideas
Mc. Whorter (1992:189) states that the
main idea is the most important idea conveyed about the topic. The sentence
that express this main idea is called the topics sentences.
C. keyword
Mastropieri (1988) keyword is a mnemonic
device that uses both auditory and visual cues to enhance the learning of
information about the word meanings. From the definition above, the writer
conclude that keyword is learning vocabulary through the root of word.
Atkinson in Susan R.Old (2001), “Keyword
method is mnemonic technique in which a new word is associated with a similar
sounding familiar word, or keyword. A mental image is then formed linking the
unfamiliar word to the keyword. For example, if the new word is “celerity”,
meaning “speed”, the keyword could be “celery”. A mental image of a piece of
celery flying through the air could then be formed”.
G. Methodology of the Research
The
method will apply in the research uses experimental method where the writer
uses two classes. One class as experimental group and another is control group.
H. Population and Sample
1. Population
The population of
this research is the Second Year Student of SMP that consists of 42
students.
2. Sample
The writer uses
total sampling technique. It means that the sample consist of 42 students, the
writer will divide into two classes, 21 students of experimental group and 21
students of control group.
I. Variable of the Research
1). Independent variable is to find
out main idea through keyword
2). Dependent variable is improving
reading skill
J. Instrument of the Research
The instrument of the research that will
be used by the writer is the test. The test is as follow:
1. Pre-test
The pre-test will
be given to find out main idea of the reading text without we given students a
keyword.
2. Treatment
Treatment will be
given before the students do the post-test
3. Post-test
The post-test
will be given to find out the improvement of the students after presenting the
reading text with the application of the reading skill to find out main idea
through keyword.
K. Procedure of Collecting Data
1. The researcher gives first test
as pre-test
2. The class is taught with reading test to find out main idea through
keyword. This step called treatment was
done for 12 times of meeting.
3. The researcher gives post-test
to the class.
l. Technique of Data Analysis
The writer will be know the significant
difference between the score of the pre-test and post-test, the writer will
calculate the value of the test by using
the following
Formula:
|
|
t =
Notation : Md = mean different pre-test and post-test
Xd =
deviation each subject (d-Md)
∑x2
d = amount quadrate deviation
N =
subject to sample
d.b =
N-1
|
|
Md =
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Mustamir,
Ahmad. 2006/2007. Applying Keyword Method in Improving Vocabulary Mastery of the Second Semester Student’s of
English Department of Islamic States University of Alauddin.
Asmahwati.
2005. The Difficulties Faced by the Second Semester Student’s of English
Department of Islamic States University of Alauddin Makassar in Identifying The
Ideas of English.
Astria,.
2007. Main Improving the Student’s Reading Comprehension Through Reading
Technique.
Anderson. Dorton, H.
Poole. 1969. Efficient Reading a Practical Guide. Sidney: Mc. Grow Hill Book Company
Arsyad,
Azhar. 2004. Step by step (Reading in English for IAIN Student’s) Yogyakarta:
Pustaka Pelajar.
