CONCEPT OF WRITING
1. The
nature of writing.
Mayers
(2005) stated that writing is a way to produce a language you do naturally when
you speak. Writing is speaking to other on paper - or on computer screen.
Writing also is an action or a process of discovering and organizing your
ideas, putting words on a paper and reshaping and revising them
Writing
is a personal act in which writers take ideas or prompts and transform them
into “self-initiated” topics” O’Malley and Pierce (in Sutikno, 2004:13).
According to Cox 1999 in Sutikno 2004:13, writing is a way of knowing, of
discovering what we want to know as we put it down not only in the form of
words and phrases but of scribbles and drawing, ideas and images, and all the
other wonderful stuff in our mind that may only become clear as we engage in
the process of writing down. In other words, we may not know what we are going
to write until we write it. Thus, as we write, writing becomes a way of
knowing. At the beginning of the composing process there is a blank paper. At
the end of the composing process there is a piece of writing, which has
detached itself from the writer and found its own meaning. Getting started can
be difficult, even terrifying. However, a good writer recognizes the difficulty
of the undertaking and find it stimulating.
Writing
differs from speaking in one very important way that is the text has to carry
all the meaning, because the writer is never around to explain. It is very
different from the normal speech situation, in which listeners can tell us that
they don’t understand, or we can use tone of voice or body language to explain
some point. In writing, the words on the page do it all. In line with the
statement, Brereton (1978) states that writers cannot expect a kind of feedback
from the reader. If the readers are not following, writers cannot back up and
try all over again. The writing either gets understood or it doesn’t. So to
make up for the difference, writers must arrange the text very carefully.
2. The
writing skill
Writing
is one of important skills that language learners need to learn as an essential
component not only for their academic practice but also later in their
professional life. Teaching or learning how to write successfully gets even
more complicated and challenged for both language teachers and students. The
teaching of writing is a matter of prescribing a set of predetermined tasks or
exercises to the students.
When
teachers teach writing course not only teach about how to develop ideas in
writing, but also need a serious attention of how to write English sentences
grammatically and systematically. So, teaching writing will be good if depends
on the teachers' ability how to teach writing effectively which can make the
students’ ability being improved.
A
well-written piece can be described as incorporating elements of writing in
such a way that a reader can experience the writer's intended meaning,
understand the writer's premise, and accept or reject the writer's point of
view. According to Lee (2005), in improving the effectiveness of writing, there
are some important notes must be noticed in teaching writing and assessment. In
this connection, there are some ways to improve the effectiveness in writing
skills such as:
a. Is
focused on the topic and does not contain extraneous or loosely related
information.
b. Has
an organizational pattern that enables the reader to follow the flow of ideas
because it contains a beginning, middle, and end and uses transitional devices.
c. Contains
supporting ideas that are developed through the use of details, examples, vivid
language, and mature word choice.
d. Follows
the conventions of standard written English (punctuation, capitalization, and
spelling) and has variation in sentence structure.
Related
on the tips above, there are some ways also to make the writing skills easier
as follows:
a. Ideas
that is interesting and important. Ideas are the heart of the piece what the
writer is writing about and the information he or she chooses to write about
it.
b. Organization
that is logical and effective. Organization refers to the order of ideas and
the way the writer moves from one idea to the next.
c. Voice
that is individual and appropriate. Voice is how the writing feels to someone
when they read it
d. Word
Choice that is specific and memorable. Good writing uses just the right words
to say just the right things.
e. Sentence
Fluency that is smooth and expressive. Fluent sentences are easy to understand
and fun to read with expression.
f. Conventions
that is correct and communicative. Conventions are the ways we all agree to use
punctuation, spelling, grammar, and other things that make writing consistent
and easy to read.
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