CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A. Background
Language plays
an important role in human life. Language is used for communication. By using
language, someone could make statement, convey fact and knowledge explain or
report something, and keep social relation among language users. Language
acquisition is divided into four major skill, those are speaking, listening,
reading and writing. We cannot deny that writing is the difficult subject of
the four major language skills. There are many difficulties that the students
face in writing such as: content and vocabulary. They are the main factors that
must be concerned in writing.
Content is
significant aspect in writing. In content, EFL (English as Foreign Language)
students may lack the ability to express clear main ideas. The way students
form phrases often influences the audiences' understanding of the written
content. Writing in English might be difficult for EFL students because they
are not used to stating their point clearly, so their audience may not be able
to follow their intricate writing style and understand the main ideas of the
text.
Another common
error in writing is namely vocabulary. Vocabulary is one of language aspect
dealing with the process of writing. The writer always thinks about putting
words into sentences and then putting sentences into paragraph until they can
create a piece of writing. It is clear now that we cannot write or express our
ideas if we are lack of vocabulary. Therefore, the students are difficult in
writing because they are lack of it. Written English is linguistically
different from spoken English, and it requires knowledge of lower-frequency
words that students rarely or never use in speaking.
The other factors of the students’
in writing skill is they are lack of ideas and less of competence in organizing
ideas. Sometimes students, when they are asked to write, they do not know what
they are going to write because they do not have enough ideas to write or they
cannot organize well their ideas in the form of paragraph. Finally the students
feel anxious when they attempt to write.
To solve the problems above the
teacher has to find out interesting teaching strategy and more creative to
motivate students in writing process. Therefore, one simplest way of making
writing more creative and meaningful to the students is to have the students
write something about picture, maps, charts, movies, etc. by using
Visual-Spatial Intelligence strategy. Visual-spatial Intelligence is one kind
of multiple intelligences theory which has been demonstrated by Howard Gardner In1980’s.
Visual-spatial intelligence when used in education, it will be a learning
strategy
Visual-Spatial
Intelligence Strategy will help the students to construct their mind to think
what they are going to write. As we know that one of the difficulty of writing
is we lack of ideas. Whereas, when the students will be commanded to write
about picture, maps, charts, movies, etc. they will have many ideas. Because of
visualization is well – known for the all of people.
As the writer
experiences, the students in general are very hard to compose writing a
paragraph, so their ability and even motivation to write are very low.
Nevertheless, the writer then has an idea to think and solve the problem by
using visual-spatial intelligence strategy to improve their ability in
descriptive paragraph writing. This may be enjoyable for the students because
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