CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A.
Background
English is one of the human languages in
the world that has important role in communication. It has become international
language and almost practiced in all part of life, especially in this global
era that has full of competition and English becomes one of determiners and
assessments of the competition. So that it is important for us to learn the
language. It is similar to the statement that English has dispersed and
diversified, has been adopted and adapted as an international means of
communication by communities all over the globe.
There are four skills that we have
already known in English, namely writing, speaking, reading and listening.
Later, the skills should be taught better to master and get complete thought
about English itself because each skill has general or specific function in
communicating. But we cannot deny that speaking is the most important one for
asking information and conversely for delivering information, speaking is the
direct system of communication.
Speaking is like the first assessment
for each learner who is studying English and each learner has to speak. This
statement means an obligation, duty, task, fact, implementation, process, and
it can be learning, although we still find some students are speaking little or
even passive in the classroom, and it can be caused of many things include the
students, the class situation, environment, teaching method, technique,
approach or even from the teachers who cannot deliver their material
successfully.
In this last century, many linguists and
educators give more attention in action research to teach English as a foreign
language. According to Stephen Kemmis and Hopkins in book of A Teacher’s Guide
to Classroom Research states that action research is a form of self reflective
inquiry undertaken by participants in a social (including education) situation
in order to improve the rationality and of their own social or educational
practices justice, their understanding of these practices, and the situation in
which practices are carried out.
The researcher has found similar case in
SMA Negeri 2 Bontotiro, Bulukumba, X-2 class where the students cannot say
something perfectly in English. They do not know what they must say and how to
say, they look very confuse to express the ideas on their mind even not active
enough on their speaking class, and it can be seen as the last score of the
students that almost do not achieve minimal criteria, 64. According to the
teacher’s experiences that the problem relates directly to the teaching method
and how the teacher delivers material. There is no specific method to teach
English, we are not controlling the class but we are controlled by the class
and situation. Speaking is the most important lesson that the students should
be mastered, but in fact speaking becomes the most difficult lesson to understand
by the students, so that the speaking always becomes passive class in every
meeting.
Based on the fact as previous problem
above, then, the researcher emphasized the problem and tried to investigate
what idea came in his mind and began to collect his literatures based on the
problem, analyzed focus of the problem and appropriate extends that would be
needed to be practice driven in this research preparation. His research is
about speaking in early production or to the student who will begin to produce
their sentences and deliver the idea without worrying any failure; his target
is to improve the students’ speaking ability at the X-2 class of SMA Negeri 2
Bontotiro.
Teaching speaking is an interesting and
challenging duty for teacher for some considerations. An EFL teacher is asked
to be more creative with flexible lesson planning in teaching this skill, like
selecting an appropriate technique, materials, teaching instructions, teaching
aids, and time allocation which can help the students in their process to speak
the language well.
There are many techniques can be adopted
by the teacher in teaching this skill, and one of them is suggestopedia, and it
is also recommended by the researcher after considering the case above.
Suggestopedia is from the related words suggestion and pedagogy as a set of
learning recommendations derived from suggestology. It is one of the best
methods pro introduced by an educator, Dr. Georgi Lozanov, and it has been adapted and adopted
by many EFL teachers in improving English.
Lazanov says that by using this
method one can teach languages approximately three to five times as quickly as
conventional method. However, it is not limited to the learning of languages,
but language learning was found to be a process in which one can easily measure
how much and how fast something is learned. He was thinking about the English
meaning, to suggest = to offer = to propose (but the students are free to
choose), they are free to choose how to speak and express their idea.
Based on Dianne Freeman’s study of
language teaching method said that suggestopedia is a study that desuggests the
limitations that learners have to help them to believe that they could be
successful in learning. This will help the learners to overcome the barriers to
learning. This study is done so because generally, learners would not be able
to believe that they will succeed in gaining the knowledge, which contribute
development of high limitations towards learning.
This method will be applied with
interesting situation in the classroom, and it consists of introduction,
concert, elaboration, production that are oriented through classroom action
research, so that the students feel the process of learning directly. Class will
be set as situation of English that automatically engaged students to express
their ideas easier and free and it means
that a class situation where the whole contents of study include the teacher,
the students, class decoration, instructions, material, situation, and others
have become unity that relate each other.
Based on the factual information and
explanation above, the researcher is interested in conducting a class action
research under the title “Improving Students’ Speaking Ability Through The Use
Of Suggestopedia Method (A study at the X-2 class students of SMU Negeri 2
Bontotiro, Kabupaten Bulukumba).
B.
Problem
Statement
In
relation to the issues as process of problem identification, the researcher
formulates the research question as follows:
1. How
is the students’ speaking accuracy of X-2 class improved through the use of
suggestopedia method?
2. How
is the students’ speaking fluency of X-2 class improved through the use of
suggestopedia method?
C.
Objective
of the Study
Relating
to the problem statement mentioned above, the researcher states that objective
of the study are:
1. To
describe the procedure of teaching speaking to the first year of SMU N 2
Bontotiro, Bulukumba by using the suggestopedia method. It shows easy and funny
activities in teaching and learning speaking. It has several steps or class
actions:
-
Introduction
-
Concert
-
Elaboration
-
Production
2. Later,
this method improves students’ speaking ability of the X-2 class in SMU Negeri
2 Bontotiro, Bulukumba more than other conventional methods.
D.
Significance
of the Study
The
values of the research are concerned to be useful and revised information for
the teachers and especially EFL teachers in senior high school level about the
use of suggestopedia method in improving students’ speaking ability. This
method can make the students enjoy in language classroom activities with
interesting material, comfortable environment, and self confidence. In the
future, the researcher expects that the method will be a contributive method to
institution, science, and government in Indonesia that has been mentioned in
Pancasila and UUD 1945.
E.
Scope
of the Study
This
research is specified his research to the use of suggestopedia method in
improving students’ speaking ability of X-2 class, SMU N 2 Bontotiro,
Bulukumba. Improving the students’ speaking ability of X-2 class, SMU N 2
Bontotiro, Kabupaten Bulukumba is specified into the improvement of fluency and
accuracy.
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