CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
A. Background
Language is a tool of communication to make human
interaction. People communicate and interact with others using language. In
some community English has become an international language. Most of the
community in the whole world use English to communicate with others who have
different languages. Because of that English is very important to be taught and
learned by the students.
In Indonesia English
learning is taught as one of the compulsory subjects from elementary school for
fifth and sixth level, junior to senior high school up to the universities. In
learning English there are four skills namely: speaking, writing, listening and
reading. In this sense the writer especially discuss about reading because it
can cover the three other skills.Barbara Taylor (1986:3)
states that reading
is very closely allied to other language processes such as listening, speaking
and writing.
Reading skills
should be thought earlier to the children (Tessero: 2003). Reading habits can
increase the students’ achievement. Most Indonesian learner are acknowledge
that reading a low will support them reaching their goals of studying, but
categories low for years. Many efforts have been performed to socialize reading
as a burden for most school ages. This phenomena effects them to be creative
readers, that finally will influence their comprehension towards their
achievement is categories low.
The purpose of
reading in many languages is to inform ourselves about something we are
interested, or to challenge certain our methods. In other words, to extend our
experience of the world in which we live.
A person may read to get information. He may also read for enjoyment, or
to enhance knowledge of the language being read (Janz: 2004). Although every student knows how to
read, many have never learned good reading skills. (Royse, 2001: 127).
The purpose for
reading is to guide the reader to select the appropriate texts, to determine
the appropriate to reading comprehension.
The nature of
reading is not merely read the text trough line, a reader has to bring his mind
into the text to comprehend what is read. Cooper (1984:4) states that to
comprehend the written words the reader must able to: understand what an author
has to structure of organized the ideas and information presented in the text
and relate the ideas and information from text to ideas information stored in
his or her mind.
The observation result when the researcher conducted
teaching practice in VII B class of SMPN 3 Bajeng, the students’ reading
comprehension skill still poor. All of
the students can be read but only a few of students can comprehend or can
understand what they have read especially English text. It because many factors
such as the students consider that English is a subject that very difficult,bored
and scares because meaning and letters are different.The other factor is the
teacher always uses the same method to teach English subject like the direct
method. It is also make the students more bore to study English. As value of observation in the class room
the students’ has score 6.0. This score is as a poor category. In this research
the aim is to solve this problem until the students have a good score, while
the standard curriculum is 6.5. The
researcher wants to achieve the score at 7.5target in learning reading
comprehension.
Furthermore,
comprehension is a really important either in reading and other skills. The
ability of someone to comprehend is closely related to one’s background
knowledge. Coady (1972:12) states that the interest and background knowledge
would enable the students to comprehend at reasonable rate and keep him
involved in the spite of synthetic difficulty.
The technique of
teaching English is to develop especially to improving reading comprehension,because
the technique of teaching influences the students’ success. So, the teacher of
English should select the suitable method or technique to teach and
material to teach. There are many approaches or techniques have been applied in
the English curriculum. In general the techniques in reading found at High
School are comprehension question answering exercises, therefore can improve
the teaching of reading in order that the students’ activity involves in
reading class particularly in the given tasks.
Based on the
situation above, the writer is interested to conduct a research on “Improving
Students’ Reading Comprehension through Reciprocal Teaching at the first year
students of SMPN 3 Bajeng.”
B.
Problem
Statement
Based
on the description above, the writer formulates the problem statements as
follows:
“How is the improvement of students’ reading
comprehension through reciprocal teaching?”
C.
Objective
of The Study
The
objective of the research is to find outthe improvement of students’ reading
comprehension through reciprocal teaching.
D.
Significance
of The Research
The result of
the study is expected to be useful information and a reference for the English
learners in general, particularly for the English teachers, and also it will be
expected to give a new insight in improving English reading comprehension.
E.
Scope
of The Research
To
specify this research, the researcherused of Reciprocal Teaching to improve
reading comprehension at the first year students of SMPN 3 Bajeng. It is
limited on the students comprehending in reading text.
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